Healthy Growth And Development Of Children Social Work Essay Essays

Healthy Growth And Development Of Children Social Work Essay Essays Healthy Growth And Development Of Children Social Work Essay Essay Healthy Growth And Development Of Children Social Work Essay Essay Childs have basic demands for their healthy growing and development. These include nutrient and nutrition, safety, a nurturing environment, protection from injury, unafraid emotional ties, and instruction. They provide kids with a strong and healthy foundation for life. In instances like kid maltreatment, where it is defined as any act of skip or committee by a parent or defender which would jeopardize or impair the kid s physical or emotional well-being, or that is judged by a mixture of community values and professionals to be inappropriate. There are 4 chief types of maltreatment, physical maltreatment, sexual maltreatment, disregard and emotional/psychological maltreatment. Therefore, The Children and Young Persons Act ( CYPA ) provides legal protection for kids below the age of 14 old ages, every bit good as for immature individuals aged 14 and below 16 old ages. Towle s, Common Human Needs and Marslow s, Hierarchy of Needs are two common theories practicians use to measure when carry oning permanence planning in most child maltreatment instances. Permanency planning is a procedure which consequences in informed and timely determinations made on a kid s long term attention. It is undertaken through comprehensive intercessions, appraisals and treatments with assorted professionals, the parents, affinity and important others who have been involved with the household. Such planning is initiated in the early procedure of instance supervising with a position to supply a lasting attention program that would run into the kid s demand for stableness, safety, security and an individuality. Additionally, for kids placed under alternate attention, such planning besides ensures their attention is non left to float indefinitely. For illustration, a kid who is removed from their parent and/ or guardian needs a stable environment. Sometimes, the kid is moved from one Foster parent to another or to a place normally due to troubles in direction. Attachment could be a major issue for kids who are moved often. Even when the kid remains with one Foster parent, he or she could be inquiring about his or her hereafter. Placements with relations could be more certain for kids. Therefore it is critical that permanence planning is done early and kids are informed of the programs made for them. Early planning may assist in diminishing kids s length of stay in surrogate care/ establishments and cut down the figure of moves and relationship breaks that kids may see in surrogate attention. It is encourage that households be engaged early in permanence planning to enable them to fix for their kids s discharge. In the interim, contact between kids and parents should be maintained while parents worked towards the program. However, permanence planning is non merely about arrangement. Most significantly, permanence planning is about relationships, individuality and a sense of belonging ( Lahti, 1982 ; Fein A ; Maluccio, 1992 ; Brydon, 2004 ; Sanchez, 2004 ) . It is recognised that continuity and stableness are non merely found through arrangement, but besides that digesting relationships can be established and maintained through household contact ( including with extended household, such as grandparents, cousins etc. ) , community connexions and relationships at school ( Holland et al. , 2005 ) . For illustration, when the preferable arrangement option for a immature individual is to populate independently, an of import portion of permanence planning would be to further unafraid connexions with fostering grownups ( such as former Foster carers, an older sibling or other household members ) with whom they will hold lifetime relationships. The three facets of permanence are as follows: ( I ) physical ( s afe, stable life environments ) ; ( two ) relational ( stable, unconditioned emotional connexions ) ; and ( three ) legal ( officially determined by the kid public assistance system ) . The relational dimension is really of import to kids ( Sanchez, 2004 ; Barber A ; Delfabbro, 2005 ) . Continuity in a arrangement is different from a sense of permanency ( Lahti, 1982 ) and a arrangement that does non run into a kid s societal and emotional, every bit good as physical, needs is improbable to ensue in permanency. Explaining Towle ( 1945 ) Common Human Needs, she talked about four classs of demands that she deems necessary if human existences are to be motivated to accomplish their ends, viz. physical public assistance, e.g. , nutrient, shelter, and wellness attention, chance for emotional and rational growing, relationships with others and proviso for religious demands. The first degree negotiations about physical public assistance which consist of nutrient for illustration, are the parents able to supply sufficient and proper nutrient for their kid ; shelter, are they parents able to supply the kid a safe environment to populate in ; health care, is the child wellbeing taken attention of. The 2nd degree negotiations about chance for emotional and rational growing of worlds. For illustration in the instance of kid maltreatment, we take a expression at the emotional province of the kid, who has been abuse emotionally and psychologically which can take to the damage of the kid s societal, emotional, cognitive and rational development. For rational growing, we look at the child educational demands such as he/she has the needed instruction at the point of clip. The 3rd degree explains the child relationships with others, in this instance, parent-child interaction, how the kid behaves at place, in forepart of his/ her parents, struggle of involvement between the kid and parents, and besides with other siblings. The last degree negotiations about proviso for religious demands, where as practicians, we consider demands against thoughts about what appears to be cosmopolitan to kids, single differences, the relationship of behavior to context, the influence of vicinity, cultural background, societal and economic state of affairss. A holistic attack to kids s demands balances familial and environmental factors and considers the dealing between biological and environmental demands. Traveling on, Marslow ( 1963 ) developed a hierarchy of demands in go uping order ; he asserted that to run into a higher degree demand, one should hold achieved the old 1s. They are physiological demands, e.g. , nutrient, H2O, air ; safety needs ; demands for belonging and love ; esteem demands ; demands for self-actualization ; demand for cognitive apprehension. Maslow s hierarchy of demands is frequently portrayed in the form of a pyramid, with the largest and most cardinal degrees of demands at the underside, and the demand for self-actualization at the top. Maslow s theory suggests that the most basic degree of demands must be met before the person will strongly want ( or concentrate motive upon ) the secondary or higher degree demands. Expanding physiological demands, actual demands for human endurance such as air, H2O, and nutrient are metabolic demands for endurance in all animate beings, including worlds. Clothing and shelter provide necessary protection from the elements. If these demands are non met, the human organic structure merely can non go on to map. The 2nd degree is safety demands. The person s safety demands take precedency and rule behaviors when their physical demands comparatively satisfied. These demands have to make with people s hankering for a predictable orderly universe in which perceived unfairness and incompatibility are under control, the familiar frequent and the unfamiliar rare. Third is a demand for belonging and love. Humans need to experience a sense of belonging and credence, whether it comes from a big societal group, such as nines, office civilization, spiritual groups, professional organisations, athleticss squads, packs, or little societal connexions ( household members, intimate spouses, wise mans, close co-workers, intimates ) . They need to love and be loved ( sexually and non-sexually ) by others. In the absence of these elements, many people become susceptible to loneliness, A societal anxiousness, andA clinical depression. This demand for belonging can frequently get the better of the physiological and security demands, depending on the strength of the equal force per unit area. The four degree negotiations about esteem demands. After the demands of safety have been recognized and achieved ; a individual can prosecute the demands of ego regard. This tableland is defined as the demand for the regard of others ; regard, prestigiousness, acknowledgment, need for self-pride, personal sense of competency and command in my sentiment, worlds are egoistic, and everyone likes to be praised. This is portion of this demand fulfillment. For illustration, in the instance of kid maltreatment, the kid experiences traumatic incidents which could be damaging in their early striplings phase. This could turn out to damage the kid self-pride in future. The last degree of Maslow s theory is demands for self-actualization. This degree of demand pertains to what a individual s full potency is and recognizing that possible. Maslow describes this desire as the desire to go more and more what one is, to go everything that one is capable of going. This is a wide definition of the demand for self-actualization, but when applied to persons the demand is specific. For illustration one person may hold the strong desire to go an ideal parent, in another it may be expressed athletically, and in another it may be expressed in picture, images, or innovations. Compare and contrast However, there are a few differences between the two given theories. One of the differences is, Maslow ( 1963 ) talked about safety demands where we may categorise approximately as the safety demands ( security ; stableness ; dependence ; protection ; freedom from fright, from anxiousness and pandemonium ; need for construction, order, jurisprudence, bounds ; strength in the defender ; and so on ) whereas Towle ( 1945 ) emphasizes on physical public assistance of worlds. Taking into history a instance illustration, Mdm Yani is 36 old ages old. Her boy Ahmad, aged 10 old ages, was physically abused at least one time a twenty-four hours by his step-father. Mdm Yani has a newborn from her 2nd matrimony. Ahmad was removed when the kid protection officers from MCYS were alerted. Mdm Yani holds two occupations to back up the household. Her hubby is idle and corsets at place most of the clip. He is besides the younger kid s health professional. There are intuitions that the step-father may be addicted to drugs. When a kid is referred, the primary duty is to guarantee safety of the kid. As mentioned in the above instance, utilizing Maslow safety needs as an appraisal tool, the abused kid is being removed and placed with surrogate parents. Ahmad s nutrient, shelter, protection, medical attention and minimum nurturance are being taken attention of by his Foster parents to set up his safety demands. Another difference is, Maslow, needs for self-actualisation compared to Towle, proviso for religious demands explains that gaining personal potency, self-fulfilment, seeking personal growing and extremum experiences are indispensable in assisting others to accomplish self-actualisation whereas Towle ( 1945 ) emphasizes that if the religious being of a individual has been met, he/she will be more motivated to accomplish their ends. In the given instance illustration which is about a atomic household ( parents are in their late twenties with two kids Josiah and Jerry ( non their existent names ) are eight and four old ages severally. The culprit is the male parent who used force against the female parent and the kids, particularly Josiah. Both the kids are afraid of him. They manifest this fright by being quiet and cautious whenever he is at place. In bend, Josiah developed a fetish for his female parent s unmentionables. The female parent observed that he pilfered her unmentionables more frequently when things were bad at place. As for Jerry, he requested to remain with his child-care instructor. He reportedly did non desire to travel place out of fright of being beaten by his male parent. Jerry s instructor sense that something was awry when she found cane Markss on his legs and decided to name in the Child Protection Unit to measure the affair. At times the female parent would be affected by the male parent s disposition and hence affected her rearing abilities, doing her to sometime neglect and say unpleasant words to the kids. In the above-named instance, due to her hubby disposition and violent behaviour although she tried to be a better parent to her kids, her self-actualization is non met as the degree of demand from the old one is non achieved. In such, renewing attention for her kids has been put on clasp till the household gets some intercession which could include household sculpting and narrative therapy. One difference between Maslow s and Towle s theories is that Maslow ( 1963 ) talk about fulfilment of demands of the old phase has to be achieved before traveling on to the following degree of demands whereas Towle ( 1945 ) conceptualized common human demands in a assortment of ways that has four classs which she deems indispensable if human existences are to be motivated to accomplish their ends. In decision, appraisals must be individualised to get at the best permanence result in a timely mode so as to back up a kid s emotional and developmental demands ; early intercession or bar attacks are more effectual because they may forestall or shorten out-of-home attention. Early intercessions should concentrate on bettering the parents state of affairss and abilities, every bit good as working towards extended household and community support ; Ensure frequent, quality and meaningful child-parent visits and other contact where appropriate ; Work that focuses on mending compromised parent-child relationships may be required ; Child, parent and carer reactions to separation, reunion and contact should be recognised, prepared for and worked through in a timely mode. Children s composite and frequently contradictory feelings should be expected and acknowledged ( Schofield, 2005 ) ; Tearing a positive fond regard for a kid can bring forth both short- and long-run effects. Repeated ruptures, including a rupture from a positive attention supplier, can do terrible injury to a kid, which may besides ensue in an inability to attach and swear others. Intervention schemes ( such as alterations to rearing patterns, constructing the kid s societal and cognitive accomplishments, behaviour direction schemes and curative intercessions aimed at bettering the health professional kid relationship ( Barth, 2005 ) must be instituted in an effort to rectify this consequence ; and continuity and stableness are protective factors for kids ( Bullock, 1998 ) . Children need relationships characterised by regular fondness and attention ( Holland, 2005 )